Taking stock of my country's marine scientific research equipment in 2021: new results continue to emerge, a big step forward in the process of marine exploration

In recent years, with the accelerated adjustment of the world's economic and political landscape and the substantial increase in human demand for resources, the exploration of the ocean has once again become the international focus, and the situation has gradually become more intense. Our country is a big land country and also a big ocean country, with a land area of ​​9.6 million square kilometers and an ocean area of ​​more than 3 million square kilometers. The rise of the Chinese nation must be a process of continuous and in-depth exploration of the ocean.

In 2021, China’s marine science and technology workers will focus on the goal of building a maritime power, and in accordance with the planned grand blueprint for the development of marine science and technology, they will continue to march towards the vast deep sea without distraction, and have achieved great results. One marine technological breakthrough after another. They use their immense passion and impressive wisdom to continue writing Chinese legends that shock the world under the deep blue. The Chemical Instrument Network tracks new achievements in marine scientific research equipment and takes readers to understand the progress of my country's deep-sea weapons.

My country’s completely independently developed ocean circulation numerical model “Mazu 1.0” was released

On December 29, my country’s independently developed ocean circulation numerical model “Mazu 1.0” Mazu 1.0" is officially released. The release of "Mazu 1.0" represents that my country has a place in the field of numerical prediction of ocean circulation. At the same time, "Mazu 1.0" has significant application value in the fields of climate change assessment, marine scientific research, and marine environment security.

The "Mazu 1.0" model has two advantages compared with the mainstream foreign ocean circulation numerical models. First of all, "Mazu 1.0" uses a new mass conservation physical framework, which breaks the inherent defects of the previous volume conservation ocean model in accurately simulating sea surface height and salinity. It is the first time in the world to establish an operational model based on the mass conservation physical framework. Ocean circulation patterns. Then "Mazu 1.0" has "carbon-friendly" features and uses GPU parallel acceleration to achieve high work efficiency and low energy consumption. It is the first of its kind.

"Mazu 1.0" mode is implementedIt has achieved the grand goal of automating all elements of my country's marine numerical forecasting system, so that we no longer need to be choked by foreigners in this field, enhancing the international influence of the "China Core" in marine forecasting, and helping to realize my country's achievements in marine forecasting. Self-reliance and self-reliance at a high level in the field.

Shandong has made new progress in the application of marine satellite remote sensing data

On December 3, the Shandong Institute of Marine Resources and Environment organized an online "Marine Satellite "Remote Sensing Shandong Data Application Center Construction Project" Acceptance Meeting. At the meeting, the acceptance expert group unanimously agreed that the project passed acceptance.

According to data, starting from April 2020, the National Ocean Satellite Shandong Data Application Center began to carry out construction work focusing on the overall acquisition of ocean satellite data, product production and application services. It has realized the automatic reception and processing of domestic ocean series satellite and high-resolution series satellite data and the production of special products. The space covers Shandong and global sea areas. The monitoring time is enough to obtain global ocean water color information, sea surface temperature, sea surface wind field, and sea surface height twice a day. and other environmental element information requirements.

In the future, in order to further enhance its marine satellite remote sensing business support capabilities, the center will carry out work in the fields of marine environment monitoring, marine resource survey and monitoring, and marine disaster early warning and monitoring. This project promotes my country's research on ocean satellite remote sensing technology, expands the application fields of ocean satellites, and meets the application needs of ocean satellite remote sensing for natural resources and ocean resource protection and management businesses.

Projects such as "Ocean-2D Satellite In-orbit Test" passed acceptance

On November 22, the National Ocean Technology Center Aeronautical Observation Department undertook The "Yangyang-2D Satellite In-orbit Test" and "Sino-French Ocean Satellite Inspection" projects held online acceptance meetings. The project carried out experiments in the northern waters of the South China Sea, and conducted on-site observations of significant wave height, sea surface height, atmospheric temperature and humidity pressure profiles, wind vectors and other elements simultaneously with satellites. The "Haiyang-2D Satellite In-orbit Test" project evaluated the on-orbit performance of the Haiyang-2D satellite's microwave altimeter, microwave scatterometer, correction radiometer and other payloads. The "Sino-French Ocean Satellite Inspection" project evaluated the Sino-French Ocean Satellite The payload performance of the satellite's microwave scatterometer is evaluated.

The Ocean-2D satellite was launched on May 19, 2021. It is my country’s fourth ocean dynamic environment satellite. The Sino-French Ocean Satellite is an ocean observation satellite jointly developed by my country and France. they will be with the oceanThe No. 2 B and C satellites and subsequent planned satellites form a monitoring network to jointly monitor my country's marine dynamic environment.

The implementation of the "Yangyang-2D Satellite In-orbit Test" and "Sino-French Ocean Satellite Inspection" projects provided the basis for the delivery of the Haiyang-2D satellite and provided data for the two satellites. Quantitative application provides guarantee.

"Wukong" returned from sea exploration and left a Chinese mark on the world's deepest seabed

On November 6, the "Wukong" developed by the Harbin Engineering Research Team "The full-ocean unmanned submersible (AUV) completed the final dive of the 10,000-meter challenge in the "Challenger" Deep of the Mariana Trench. This sea trial dived to 10,896 meters. When the "Wukong" AUV equipped with a high-speed hydroacoustic communication system was on the seabed of 10,000 meters, it could still accurately transmit status information to the mother ship in the deep sea with a straight-line distance of more than 15 kilometers from the mother ship. The scientific research team on board achieved a data reception accuracy rate of over 93%. The results show that the "Wukong" AUV has the ability to swim 10,000 meters underwater without the need for companionship or support from a mother ship.

The research on unmanned untethered submersible technology is the traditional advantageous scientific research direction of Harbin Engineering. As the result of the national key research and development plan during the "13th Five-Year Plan" period, the "Wukong" AUV is entrusted with The glory and dream of the Harbin Engineering Research Team, the team overcame the difficulties brought by the COVID-19 epidemic during the sea trial of the project, fulfilled their mission, lived up to their trust, and left a Chinese mark on the world's deepest seabed.

The submersible "Qilin" passed the verification for exploring the deep sea

On August 19, the "Qilin" project undertaken by the 719th Research Institute of China State Shipbuilding Corporation The "Development of Deep-Sea Climbing Hybrid Unmanned Submersible" project, a key project of the "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan" national key research and development plan "Deep Sea Key Technologies and Equipment", passed the comprehensive performance evaluation. The submersible "Qilin" can meet the requirements of close-range, accurate and stable observation and auxiliary operations in the complex deep sea seabed environment. It will provide new equipment and means for marine resource exploration, seabed environment monitoring, emergency search and rescue, and information collection and processing. It has important scientific research and application value.

The project lasted for 5 years, from the conceptual plan, principle prototype, intermediate test prototype to the final sea trial engineering prototype.It has gone through multiple rounds of iterative development and design optimization, as well as multiple test verifications and technical research. In accordance with the mission requirements, the project completed research contents such as overall integrated optimization of crawling and swimming, anti-turbulence stability control, etc., successfully developed an engineering prototype of a crawling-swimming hybrid unmanned submersible, and developed underwater multi-legged crawling and stable cruise control software. Hugely innovative.

The intelligent semi-submersible ship "Xiang'ankou" was delivered for use

On July 1, Guangzhou Shipbuilding International Co., Ltd., a subsidiary of China State Shipbuilding Corporation, was commissioned by COSCO The 50,000-ton semi-submersible ship "Xiang'ankou" built by COSCO Shipping Company, a subsidiary of the Shipping Group, was named and delivered in Guangzhou. The ship is equipped with a ship intelligence system that can collect relevant data based on sea conditions and ship status to provide reference for ship navigation operations. It is the first special semi-submersible ship built in my country to be equipped with a ship intelligence system.

With the 50,000-ton semi-submersible ship previously built by Heguang Shipbuilding International Company, the submersible draft of the "Xiang'ankou" is up to 26 meters, which effectively increases the load-bearing capacity of the main deck. An exhaust gas treatment system has been added, and it is equipped with the world's most advanced dynamic positioning system, which has a higher degree of automation and can meet the high-precision requirements for precise installation in offshore projects.

New discoveries were made in the study of the pressure-resistant mechanism of deep-sea bacteria

On May 11, my country made new discoveries in the study of the pressure-resistant mechanism of deep-sea bacteria. Professor Zhang Yuzhong's team collaborated with Shandong University and other units on research and discovered that the oxidation of trimethylamine to trimethylamine oxide can help marine bacteria adapt to high hydrostatic pressure. This study found that deep-sea strains can use the trimethylamine transporter TmaT to absorb trimethylamine in the deep-sea environment, and then induce the expression of trimethylamine monooxygenase MpTmm in the bacterial cell, which oxidizes trimethylamine to trimethylamine oxide, and generates trimethylamine in the cell. accumulation. Under high pressure in the deep sea, trimethylamine oxide can protect biological macromolecules such as proteins to maintain normal conformations and perform biological functions, thereby enabling strains to withstand the high hydrostatic pressure of the deep sea and maintain survival and growth.

The deep sea has extreme environmental characteristics such as high pressure, low temperature, and darkness, and is considered a forbidden zone for life. However, in recent years, scientific researchers have discovered that there are a large number of microbial resources in the deep sea, forming a unique deep sea ecosystem. This discovery has great research value for the study and identification of functional genes and metabolic mechanisms related to pressure tolerance in deep-sea microorganisms.

China's "Hainiu II" deep-sea drilling depth refreshed

On April 20, the "Hainiu II" submarine drilling rig led by Hunan University of Science and Technology holeThe deep pressure-maintaining core drilling rig system successfully drilled 231 meters in water exceeding 2,000 meters deep in the South China Sea, setting a new world record for the drilling depth of deep-sea submarine drilling rigs. The success of this deep-sea test has filled the gap in my country's deep-sea seabed drilling rig equipment with a depth of more than 100 meters and a pressure-maintaining coring function. It also marks that my country has reached the world's leading level in this technical field.

　(Original title: Taking stock of my country’s marine scientific research equipment in 2021: new results continue to emerge, a big step forward in the process of ocean exploration)